Suggested Readings About Israel

Reading Books as a Jewish Avenue to Understanding the Challenges

Compiled by Uzi Baram, June 2025. 

The Alliance offers these resources — deferentially incomplete — to lay the foundation for thoughtful understanding of the challenges and opportunities for Jews, Israel, and its people. With the information and analysis from the scholarship, these lists can help readers to organize information.

Key Dates for Eretz Yisrael

A chronological foundation — from ancient roots to the present day.

Ancient & Classical Period


3000 BP
David establishes Jerusalem as capital of the Kingdom
930 BCE
The Monarchy splits into Israel and Judah
587 BCE
Destruction of the First Temple
538 BCE
The Return from Exile
167 BCE
Revolt against Hellenism
63 BCE
Roman conquest
66–136 CE
Jewish Revolts
380 CE
Edict of Thessalonica — Christianity becomes official religion of the Roman Empire
638 CE
Umar ibn al-Khattab conquers Jerusalem
1099–1291
Crusaders
1187
Saladin conquers Jerusalem
1516
Ottoman Empire

Mandate Era & Founding of the State


1915–18
World War I
1922–1947
British Mandate for Palestine
1947
UN Resolution 181
1948–49
Israel War of Independence / Nakba
1956
Suez Crisis
1967
Six Day War
1973
Yom Kippur War
1977–79
Egyptian Peace Treaty
1982
Lebanon War
1989
Intifada
1991
Iraqi missile attacks against Israel
1993
Oslo Accords

Recent Decades


1994
Jordanian Peace Treaty
1995
Rabin Assassination
2000
Second Intifada
2005
Disengagement from Gaza Strip
2006
Lebanon War, Hezbollah
2008–09
Gaza War
2012
Gaza War
2014
Gaza War
Oct 2023
Hamas October 7th Pogrom and its aftermath
Apr 2024
Iranian strikes against Israel
Oct 2024
Iranian strikes against Israel
Jun 2025
Israel diminishes Iran's nuclear attacks capacity

Books by Subject

Organized thematically for focused, progressive reading.

Jerusalem


Dome of the Rock seen from the Mount of Olives in Jerusalem. Creative Commons

Jerusalem: One City, Three Faiths
Karen Armstrong
1996
Jerusalem Besieged: From Ancient Canaan to Modern Israel
Eric Cline
2005
Jerusalem 1913: The Origins of the Arab-Israeli Conflict
Amy Dockser Marcus
2007
Jerusalem: The Biography
Simon Sebag Montefiore
2024
Jerusalem through the Ages: From Its Beginnings to the Crusades
Jodi Magness
2024

Archaeology


Archaeologist at Tel Zeitah, courtesy of Uzi Baram

Archaeology of Society in the Holy Land
Thomas Levy (ed)
1998
The Bible Unearthed: Archaeology's New Vision of Ancient Israel and the Origin of Its Sacred Texts
Finkelstein & Silberman
2001
They Were Here Before Us: Stories from the First Million Years
Halfon & Barkai
2024

The Region


 Israel shown on Google Earth

Geography plays a key role in the conflict, starting with the British survey and then historical maps — opening an avenue for studying the spatial aspects of history.

The Survey of Western Palestine (8 volumes)
Conder & Kitchener
1888
The Routledge Atlas of Arab-Israeli Conflict
Martin Gilbert
2012

The Ottoman Empire:


Map of the Ottoman Empire at its Height. Creative Commons

A Peace to End All Peace: The Fall of the Ottoman Empire and the Creation of the Modern Middle East
David Fromkin
1989
Osman's Dream: The History of the Ottoman Empire
Caroline Finkel
2005
The Ottoman Empire, 1700–1922
Donald Quataert
2019

British Mandate for Palestine:


Arrival of Sir Herbert Samuel, British Mandate High Commissioner 6/30/20 Library of Congress

Colonialism came to the eastern Mediterranean in the aftermath of the First World War. In hindsight, some see the decades of their grandparents or parents in a positive light — that is a colonial amnesia.

One Palestine, Complete: Jews and Arabs Under the British Mandate
Tom Segev
2001

Zionism:


Arrival of Sir Herbert Samuel, British Mandate High Commissioner 6/30/20 Library of Congress

Discussions of the nationalist movement are varied; reading Herzl's vision, the debates of the 2010s, and having an introduction is probably a good start.

Altneuland: Old New Land (a novel)
Theodor Herzl
1902
The Postzionism Debates: Knowledge and Power in Israeli Culture
Laurence J. Silberstein
2013
Zionism: A Very Short Introduction
Michael Stanislawski
2016
Israel: A Simple Guide to the Most Misunderstood Country on Earth
Noa Tishby
2022

The State of Israel:


There are many books on Israel and everyone has their favorites. Here is a sampling to start broadening the view.

1949: The First Israelis
Tom Segev
1998
The Sabra: The Creation of the New Jew
Oz Almog
2000
Six Days of War: June 1967 and the Making of the Modern Middle East
Michael B. Oren
2003
The Yom Kippur War: The Epic Encounter That Transformed the Middle East
Abraham Rabinovich
2004
The Missing Peace: The Inside Story of the Fight for Middle East Peace
Dennis Ross
2005
A History of Israel: From the Rise of Zionism to Our Time
Howard M. Sachar
2007
1948: A History of the First Arab-Israeli War
Benny Morris
2008
Israel: A Concise History of a Nation Reborn
Daniel Gordis
2017

Palestinian History & Identity:


The contest over Palestinian identity and life in Israel makes for a challenging intellectual terrain. Here is a sampling that offers important entry points for understanding the Palestinian nationalist movement.

The Secret Life of Saeed: The Pessoptimist (a novel)
Emile Habibi
1974
Palestinian Identity: The Construction of Modern National Consciousness
Rashid Khalidi
1997
The Palestinian People: A History
Kimmerling & Migdal
2003

Proposals — A Sampling of Solutions:


There are more publications on solutions to the conflict than histories.

The Struggle for Peace: Israelis and Palestinians
Fernea & Hocking (eds)
1992
Shared Histories: A Palestinian-Israeli Dialogue
Scham, Salem & Pogrund (eds)
2005
Israeli and Palestinian Narratives of Conflict: History's Double Helix
Robert I. Rotberg (ed)
2006
Reapproaching Borders: New Perspectives on the Study of Israel-Palestine
Sufian & Levine (eds)
2007
I Shall Not Hate: A Gaza Doctor's Journey on the Road to Peace and Human Dignity
Izzeldin AbuElaish
2010
Struggling for a Just Peace: Israeli and Palestinian Activism in the Second Intifada
Maia Carter Hallward
2011
Entangled Histories in Palestine/Israel: Historical and Anthropological Perspectives
Dafna Hirsch (ed)
2024

Key Names:

Key Names from Ottoman Imperial Rule to early Israeli Statehood

Ancient & Classical Period


Suleyman the Lawgiver
1494–1566
Ordered the construction of the walls around Jerusalem.
Ha'ari / Isaac Luria
1534–1572
Leading rabbi and Jewish mystic in Safed; considered the father of contemporary Kabbalah.
Zahir al-'Umar
1690–1775
Ruler of Galilee; fortified Akko and expanded cotton production.
Theodor Herzl
1860–1904
Father of modern political Zionism; spiritual father of the Jewish State.
General Edmund Allenby
1861–1936
British conqueror of Jerusalem during the Great War.
Lord Arthur James Balfour
1848–1930
Author of the Balfour Declaration of 1917.
Mohammed Amin al-Husseini
1897–1974
Grand Mufti of Jerusalem.
Abdullah I bin Al-Hussein
1882–1951
King of Transjordan / Jordan.
David Ben-Gurion
1886–1973
Primary national founder and first prime minister of the State of Israel.
Moshe Dayan
1915–1981
Commander of the Jerusalem front in the 1948 War.

Prime Ministers of the State of Israel

David Ben-Gurion (first time)
1948–53
Moshe Sharett
1953–55
David Ben-Gurion (second time)
1955–63
Levi Eshkol
1963–69
Golda Meir
1969–74
Yitzhak Rabin (first time)
1974–77
Menachem Begin
1977–83
Yitzhak Shamir (first time)
1983–84
Shimon Peres (first time)
1984–86
Yitzhak Shamir (second time)
1986–92
Yitzhak Rabin (second time)
1992–95
Shimon Peres (second time)
1995–96
Benjamin Netanyahu (first time)
1996–99
Ehud Barak
1999–2001
Ariel Sharon
2001–06
Ehud Olmert
2006–09
Benjamin Netanyahu (second time)
2009–21
Naftali Bennett
2021–22
Yair Lapid
2022
Benjamin Netanyahu (third time)
2022–

Key Primary Documents with Links

Key Names from Ottoman Imperial Rule to early Israeli Statehood


Balfour Declaration
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UN Resolution 181
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Declaration of Independence
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UN Resolution 242
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1967 Khartoum Resolution — The Three No's
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Camp David Accords 1978
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Israel-Palestine Liberation Organization Agreement / The Oslo Accords 1993
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